Pumping water without using electricity or gasoline
This is a ram pump built only common plumbing items. It is economical and easy assembly. It a good exercise to develop, with whom he can learn a lot about plumbing, physics, mathematics, etc. All parts unless air tank and the two valves are of galvanized iron. For low flow (less than 30 lit / min) can be used to gauge tubes and less than D. Ie, 1, ¾ or ½ inch. Find the best valves.
Green Project is dedicated to researching and disseminating clean and green technologies in schools and through courses, getting more and more people using equipment salvaged from oblivion, simple and easy to apply.
The hydraulic ram is a machine that uses only the energy of a small waterfall to raise part of its flow to a higher level. It was invented in 1796 by Joseph Mantgolfier (1749-1810) and his genius was widely distributed throughout the world, adapting such sources in the famous Taj Mahal in India or the Ameer of Afghanistan. Eventually fell into disuse mainly because of the overwhelming advance of electrification and a centrifugal pump. Currently witnessing a revival of interest thanks to this device is efficient, environmentally friendly and very educational.
OPERATION
water accelerates its fall along the feeding tube until it reaches a speed sufficient to close the valve A, then we create a strong pressure to stop suddenly produced water. This pressure shock (called water hammer) opens the valve B from a small stream of water into the reservoir until the pressures are balanced. It is at this point that the gravity A valve opens and closes the B, repeating the cycle again. Each water hammer passes the reservoir where the air is pressurized. This volume of air causes the water to flow continuously through the tube elevation. The rate is usually one or two beats per second.
The hydraulic ram is a machine that causes an abrupt closures continuous water system with acceleration and taking advantage of the overpressure of the flow to send
| H / h = | 2 | 3 | 4 | 6 | 8 | 10 | 12 |
| R = | 0,85 | 0,81 | 0,76 | 0,67 | 0,57 | 0,43 | 0,23 |
(R) The performance of hydraulic ram ratio varies with H / h. By increasing the resulting value, performance decreases, in the following table you can see how energy efficiency varies
THE HEAD (H)
As can be seen from the table above, this is not exceed more than 12 times the gap work.
HIGH FLOW (q):
depends Performance (R), the feed rate (Q), the slope of work (h) and the lifting height (H). The equation for relating is:
q = R • Q • h / H
For example q (feed rate) = 100 liters / minute, h (slope of work) = 3 meters, H (head) = 24 meters. The H / h = 8, then ram performance in these conditions is equivalent to 57% (0'57).
High flow rate:
q = 0.57 · 100.3 / 24 = 7'125 lit / min = 10,260 liters / day
POWER FLOW (Q):
The angle of inclination of the feeding tube (a) must be between 10 º and 45 º to the horizontal. The ram feed rate depends on the diameter of the tube rush. The following table may have regarding these parameters, galvanized iron pipe, which is most suitable for rams fed
| flow de alimentación.Q | Lit / min. | 30 | 60 | 90 | 120 | 250 | 500 | 1000 |
| diameter pipe | pulgadas m/m. | 1 ¼ /35 | 1 ½ /41 | 2 /52 | 2 ½ 70 | 3 /80 | 5 /125 | 8 /200 |
Keep in mind that water is accelerated in the feeding tube is what causes water hammer so it must have a longitude, inclination and diameter, without curves or narrowing
MODIFICATION OF WELL FOOT VALVE
The valve is opened by unscrewing the base and artichokes. We must cut the brass rod at its base and replaced by a steel threaded rod, 10 mm caliber and 25 cm long. To do this we will use two stainless nuts, one on each side paste, slice and brass thread. We will make another hole-well-centered in the top of the artichoke. To comfortably pass the new axis, open more slots in the strainer allowing water to drain freely. After assembly of the valve, are placed several concentric copper tubes around the new hub will serve as a counterweight. Are immobilized by nuts and washers used to set the course shaft.
SET
Once installed the ram, varying the axis travel up or down the counterweight and the weight of it until opening the valve and blanking the shaft by hand several times until the ram is stable at a rate of 1 to 2 beats per second.
MAINTENANCE
striker needs little care. We will have to clean it every few months and close the two keys to empty the machine. This renews the air, which can become dissolved in water over time .
You can buy a hydraulic ram and built and tested in www.proyecto-verdes.com
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